Beni hasan hatshepsut biography

However, she eventually declared herself pharaoh and ruled in her own right, despite opposition from some members of the Egyptian elite who did not believe a woman should hold the title of pharaoh. As regent, Hatshepsut played an important role in governing Egypt, and she oversaw many construction projects and military campaigns. However, she eventually declared herself pharaoh and ruled as such for over two decades, from to BC.

Despite opposition from some members of the Egyptian elite, Hatshepsut was able to maintain power and leave a lasting impact on Egyptian history. Hatshepsut was known for her successful military campaigns, which included expeditions to Nubia and the Levant. She also oversaw several impressive construction projects during her reign, including the famous mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahri, which is considered one of the most important and well-preserved temple complexes in all of Egypt.

In addition to the mortuary temple, Hatshepsut also oversaw the construction of several other impressive buildings and monuments, including the Red Chapel at Karnak and the Temple of Pakhet in Beni Hasan. Hatshepsut is also famous for her beni hasan hatshepsut biography expeditions to the land of Punt, which was a mysterious land located somewhere in the southern part of the Red Sea.

The exact location of Punt is still a matter of debate among historians, but it is believed to have been rich in exotic goods like myrrh, frankincense, and other precious materials that were highly valued in ancient Egypt. Hatshepsut sent several expeditions to Punt during her reign, and these expeditions were recorded in great detail on the walls of her mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahri.

Hatshepsut was widely regarded as a wise and just ruler, and her reign was marked by a period of peace and prosperity in Egypt. She implemented several important economic and political reforms during her reign, including the expansion of trade and commerce, the promotion of art and culture, and the construction of new public works projects.

The intricate details and vibrant murals that have weathered the sands of time come to life on your screen, allowing you to immerse yourself in the architectural grandeur and artistic finesse of these ancient tombs. Our travel agency, Top Ten Egypt Tourscan help you plan a customized tour that includes visits to both popular and lesser-known sites like these.

Contact us today to learn more about our tours and services! Lesser-known Temples and Ruins. February 14, 0 comment. Immerse Yourself in Magnificence Step into a realm of magnificence as you virtually traverse the hallowed chambers, each meticulously carved into the limestone cliffs. Post navigation Previous. Log In. She also restored the original Precinct of Mut, the ancient great goddess of Egypt, at Karnak that had been ravaged by the foreign rulers during the Hyksos occupation.

It later was ravaged by other pharaohs, who took one part after another to use in their pet projects and awaits restoration. She had twin obelisks, at the time the tallest in the world, erected at the entrance to the temple.

Beni hasan hatshepsut biography: Hatshepsut was the female king

One still stands, as the tallest surviving ancient obelisk on Earth; the other has broken in two and toppled. Another project, Karnak's Red Chapel, or Chapelle Rouge, was intended as a barque shrine and originally, may have stood between her two obelisks. It was lined with carved stones that depicted significant events in Hatshepsut's life. She later ordered the construction of two more obelisks to celebrate her sixteenth year as pharaoh; one of the obelisks broke during construction, and thus, a third was constructed to replace it.

The broken obelisk was left at its quarrying site in Aswan, where it still remains. Known as The Unfinished Obelisk, it demonstrates how obelisks were quarried. The name, Pakhet was a synthesis that occurred by combining Bast and Sekhmet, who were similar lioness war goddesses, in an area that bordered the north and south division of their cults.

The cavernous underground temple, cut into the rock cliffs on the eastern side of the Nile, was admired and called the Speos Artemidos by the Greeks during their occupation of Egypt, known as the Ptolemaic Dynasty. They saw the goddess as a parallel to their hunter goddess Artemis. The temple is thought to have been built alongside much more ancient ones that have not survived.

This temple has an architrave with a long dedicatory text bearing Hatshepsut's famous denunciation of the Hyksos that has been translated by James P. They had occupied Egypt and cast it into a cultural decline that persisted until a revival brought about by her policies and innovations. This temple was altered later and some of its inside decorations were usurped by Seti I, in the nineteenth dynasty, attempting to have his name replace that of Hatshepsut.

Following the tradition of many pharaohs, the masterpiece of Hatshepsut's building projects was her mortuary temple. She built hers in a complex at Deir el-Bahri.

Beni hasan hatshepsut biography: Hatshepsut was the Great

It was designed and implemented by Senemut at a site on the West Bank of the Nile River near the entrance to what now is called the Valley of the Kings because of all the pharaohs who later chose to associate their complexes with the grandeur of hers. Her buildings were the first grand ones planned for that location. The focal point was the Djeser-Djeseru or "the Sublime of Sublimes", a colonnaded structure of perfect harmony nearly one thousand years before the Parthenon was built.

Djeser-Djeseru sits atop a series of terraces that once were graced with lush gardens. Djeser-Djeseru is built into a cliff face that rises sharply above it. Djeser-Djeseru and the other buildings of Hatshepsut's Deir el-Bahri complex are considered to be significant advances in architecture. Another one of her great accomplishments is the Hatshepsut needle also known as the granite obelisks.

Temple of Hatshepsut. Egypt revealed Saturday a rare trove of 30 ancient wooden coffins that have been well-preserved over millennia in the archaeologically rich Valley of the Kings in Luxor PhysOrg - October 20, 30 'Cachette of the Priests' Mummies Discovered in Egypt and Photos Live Science - October 20, Irene standing in front of the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut when we traveled to Egypt.

Official Lauding. Hyperbole is common, virtually, to all royal inscriptions of Egyptian history. While all ancient leaders used it to laud their achievements, Hatshepsut has been called the most accomplished pharaoh at promoting her accomplishments. This may have resulted from the extensive building executed during her time as pharaoh, in comparison to many others.

It afforded her with many opportunities to laud herself, but it also reflects the wealth that her policies and administration brought to Egypt, enabling her to finance such projects. Aggrandizement of their achievements was traditional when pharaohs built temples and their tombs. Women had a high status in ancient Egypt and enjoyed the legal right to own, inherit, or will property.

A woman becoming pharaoh was rare, however; only Sobekneferu, Neferneferuaten, and possibly Khentkaus I and Nitocris preceded her in known records as ruling solely in their own name. The existence of this last beni hasan hatshepsut biography is disputed and is likely a mis-translation of a male king. Twosret, a female king and the last pharaoh of the nineteenth dynasty, may have been the only woman to succeed her among the indigenous rulers.

Although the original form of this last name was Hatshepsut, it appears in various forms on numerous monuments: spelled out in its entirety Henemetamon-Hatshepsutrendered in the masculine form Hatshepsuor spelled as Hashepsu. It is therefore understandable the surprise of archaeologists who discovered the existence of this female pharaoh presented as a male in sculptures and reliefs — but variously male or female in the captions and texts surrounding the images.

The sovereign probably exploited these gender changes to enhance her divine character and concentrate in herself the concept of duality, which was extremely important in Egyptian mentality. However, it is certain that she undertook no fewer than six military campaigns during her twenty-two years of rule. First Campaign. Hatshepsut, who was only a regent immediately after the death of Thutmose II, reacted by going to the frontier and leading the counterattack.

An inscription in the Temple of Deir el-Bahari commemorates it:. Second Campaign. The enemies, in this case, were Syro-Palestinian tribes, whose continuous aggressions on the borders prompted Egypt to retaliate. Most likely, the sovereign did not leave the capital. Third and Fourth Campaigns. Again against Nubia. It seems that Thutmose III, then barely in his twenties, participated in the fourth campaign.

Fifth Campaign. Against the country of Mau, in southern Nubia. It took place immediately after the fourth campaign, perhaps due to a coalition of enemies. There is mention of a rhinoceros hunt during this campaign, once again led by the young Thutmose III. Sixth Campaign. In this case as well, Thutmose III — anticipating his role as a warrior king, which during his autonomous reign would lead to excellent results — marched towards Palestine and captured the city of Gaza, which had recently rebelled.

It is easy to notice how the elderly sovereign, by the standards of her time, had taken a back seat, relegated to a merely representative role compared to her energetic nephew, who had assumed the dominant position within their curious family situation. Hatshepsut is counted among the most prolific builders in Egyptian history, having ordered the creation of hundreds of buildings throughout Upper and Lower Egypt.

Beni hasan hatshepsut biography: Beni Hasan (Arabic: بني

Her constructions were much more majestic and numerous than those ordered by her predecessors in the Middle Kingdom. Pharaohs succeeding Hatshepsut attempted to claim credit for the erection of buildings actually commissioned by the queen. Following the tradition of most pharaohs, Hatshepsut embellished the colossal Temple Complex of Karnak with monuments.

She also restored the Precinct of Mut, dedicated to the important goddess wife of Amun, which still showed signs of the devastation caused until a few decades earlier by the foreign Hyksos occupiers; it also suffered severe damage in later epochs after Hatshepsut, when other pharaohs removed building materials to reuse elsewhere, progressively stripping the structure.

Hatshepsut also erected two twin obelisks, the tallest of their time, at the entrance of the Karnak Temple, after the fourth pylon; one of the two is still standing and is the tallest obelisk preserved in Egypt at Later, she ordered the creation of two more obelisks to celebrate the 16th anniversary of her ascension to the throne; one of these obelisks broke while being carved and was replaced by a third.

The cracked obelisk was abandoned in its quarry at Aswan, where it still lies. Pakhet was worshipped as a syncretic form of Bastet and Sekhmet, Egyptian deities who were similar to each other: they were lioness-warrior goddesses, one for Upper Egypt and the other for Lower Egypt; Pakhet was identified with the destructive fury of the summer sun and in the Coffin Texts, she appears as a huntress intent on stalking prey in the depths of the night.

Many similar temples are believed to have existed throughout Egypt but have been lost. The temple also contained an inscribed lintel with a long dedicatory text, namely a famous diatribe by Hatshepsut against the recent occupation by the Hyksos invaders translated by Egyptologist James P. The Asiatic Hyksos had invaded and permanently occupied Egypt, plunging it into a cultural decline that was only reversed by the achievements and reforms of Hatshepsut and her immediate predecessors.

It is located on the western bank of the Nile, opposite Thebes, and at the entrance of the Valley of the Kings.